Alpstein High Trail: The Ultimate Guide

The Alpstein is the best known corner of the Appenzell Alps, a small range in eastern Switzerland with an outsized reputation. Its highest summit, the Säntis, reaches 2,501.9 metres, lower than the huts on some Valais treks. It is also one of the most demanding places in the country to walk.

That contradiction is the whole appeal. The rock is limestone, folded into thin parallel ridges with almost nothing gentle between them, so a day here climbs and drops far more than the map suggests. For the wider country, our ultimate Switzerland hiking guide is the place to start.

This guide covers the route, the season, the cables and the inns, then the best day walks for anyone not doing the full crossing. Grades follow our hiking difficulty guide.

Start with the thing that surprises people. There are 24 mountain inns in the Alpstein, listed by the regional tourist board, packed into a massif you can see across in a single view. Nowhere else in Switzerland puts that much shelter into that little ground.

The effect is a range you can walk hard while carrying almost nothing. Dinner and a bed are rarely more than a couple of hours apart, so the pack stays small and the walking stays serious. That combination is rare and it is the practical reason to come.

The second reason is the shape of the rock. Appenzell hiking means ridges rather than valleys: long limestone blades with grass on one side and a drop on the other, and paths that run along the top rather than around the bottom. You spend whole days looking down both sides at once.

Third, it is genuinely hard, which the modest altitudes hide completely. Our week here is graded four out of five for fitness and four for technique, the hardest of our Swiss weeks, with fixed cables on the middle stage and daily ascent between roughly 710 and 1,190 metres.

And last, it is not the Alps you have seen photographed. This is the far east of the country, closer to Liechtenstein than to Interlaken, with its own dialect, cheese and politics, and a landscape of scattered timber farms that looks nothing like Valais.

The massif sits south of the village of Appenzell and spreads across three cantons: Appenzell Innerrhoden, Appenzell Ausserrhoden and St. Gallen. It is predominantly limestone, pushed into folds running roughly parallel from south west to north east.

Those folds are what you walk. Three ridge lines carry the main paths, with the Säntis at the western end and the Hoher Kasten at the eastern, and lakes trapped in the troughs between them. Seealpsee, Fälensee and Sämtisersee are the three.

The High Trail takes the northern and middle lines from Wasserauen to the Hoher Kasten, crossing the range rather than looping it, so every day faces a different direction. It is three walking days, with a valley night at either end.

The consequence is relentless up and down. There is no long valley approach and no gradual warm up, because the ridges rise straight from farmland and the paths take them head on. Expect a thousand metres of ascent in a single day that covers only ten or twelve kilometres.

Waymarking is the Swiss standard, white-red-white for mountain paths and white-blue-white for alpine routes where hands are needed.

The season runs from June to September on our trip, with most of the 24 inns open from May to October. June is green and can still hold old snow in the shaded gullies on the northern side of the ridges, which matters more here than the dates suggest.

July and August are the reliable months and also the busiest, and on a fine weekend the popular sections carry real numbers. September is the month to aim for: settled air, empty crests, and the cattle coming down off the high alps.

That last part is worth planning around rather than stumbling into. The Alpabfahrt, when herds are walked down in procession with bells and formal dress, happens across September, and it is a working event rather than a show staged for visitors.

Weather here is a genuine variable, and the range makes its own. The Alpstein catches moisture off the flatlands to the north and can sit in cloud while the central Alps are clear, so check the forecast for this massif specifically rather than for Switzerland. MeteoSwiss publishes a mountain outlook.

Avoid the shoulders of the season. Before June the cabled section holds snow and the inns are shut, and after early October the whole network closes down, which leaves you on a serious ridge with nowhere at all to stop.

This is the hardest of our Swiss weeks and the numbers do not look like it on paper. Daily distances are only about 10 to 13 kilometres, but daily ascent runs from roughly 710 to 1,190 metres, and our grading is fitness four of five and technique four of five.

Four things make it demanding. The ascent per kilometre is brutal because the ridges rise straight from the fields. The crests are narrow and exposed for long stretches, so there is nowhere to relax mentally. The cables on stage two need a head for heights.

The fourth is weather, and it is specific to this range. These ridges attract thunderstorms and there is nowhere to shelter on a crest, so an afternoon storm is a real problem rather than an inconvenience. Start early and treat mid afternoon as a deadline.

What it does not need is altitude tolerance. Nothing on the walking route goes much above 2,300 metres, so nobody sleeps high enough to feel it, and you can arrive and start walking without acclimatising, which is not true of the Valais treks.

Be honest with yourself about exposure. Fit walkers who dislike drops have a miserable time on an Alpstein hike, and fit walkers who do not have the best week of their year. Read mountain safety 101 before you commit.

Stage 1: Wasserauen to the Schäfler

The introduction, and it is not gentle. The path leaves the railway terminus at Wasserauen and climbs past Seealpsee before turning up to the Ebenalp shoulder and along the crest to the Schäfler.

It is the day that decides how the rest of the week feels, because it takes you from farmland to ridge crest in one push with no easing into it. There is a cable car from Wasserauen to Ebenalp for anyone who wants to skip the bottom half, and using it is a legitimate choice rather than a failure.

The reward arrives at the top. The Schäfler sits on the crest with the whole massif on one side and the Appenzell farmland dropping away on the other, and it is one of the 24 inns rather than a spartan refuge. Sunset from that terrace is the single most photographed thing on the route.

The crowds matter on this stage and nowhere else. The first half is among the most visited ground in eastern Switzerland, and by the time you reach the inn in the evening almost everybody has gone home on the last cable car down.

Stage 2: Schäfler to the Zwinglipass hut

The serious day. The route follows the ridge south east under the Säntis and the Altmann, dropping and climbing between the folds rather than contouring round them.

That sawtooth profile is why the ascent figure is so high for so few kilometres. You lose height into each notch and win it straight back on the far side, repeatedly and without much warning, and this is where the fixed cables appear on the steepest of the rock steps.

Nothing here is via ferrata and no equipment is required, but there are passages where a wire rope is bolted to the rock and you hold it. If that worries you, this is the stage to think hard about, because there is no way round it once you are committed to the ridge.

The compensation is the position. You are on the crest for most of the day with the two highest peaks in the range ahead of you, and the ground falls away steeply on both sides for hours at a time.

Stage 3: Zwinglipass to the Hoher Kasten

The finish, and the most panoramic stage of the route. The path continues along the eastern ridges towards the Hoher Kasten, with the ground opening out eastwards towards the Rhine valley and the ranges beyond it, Austria and Liechtenstein included.

The last stretch is busier than anything that came before, because the Hoher Kasten has a cable car and day visitors arrive at the top in street shoes. After two days of having the ridge to yourself, the crowd is a shock rather than a nuisance.

The summit at 1,794 metres carries the only revolving restaurant in eastern Switzerland, which turns once an hour. Sit still for sixty minutes and the whole panorama comes to you, which after three days of earning views on foot is either delightful or absurd. From there the cable car drops to Brülisau in eight minutes.

Our version is self-guided, with a digital guidebook, GPS navigation and support while you walk. Our hut-to-hut tours page explains how the format works in practice.

Alpstein High Trail Highlights

• Distance: about 10 to 13 km a day

• Ascent: about 710 to 1,190 m a day

• Sleeping: mountain inns with half board and 3-star hotels with breakfast

• Season: June to September

• Grade: fitness 4, technical 4

Five days covers the three walking stages with a valley night at either end, at Weissbad on arrival and Appenzell at the finish. Day two climbs from Wasserauen past Seealpsee to the Schäfler, day three takes the cabled ridge to Zwinglipass, and day four finishes on the Hoher Kasten.

What makes it worth handing over is the sequencing. The inns on this crest are small, they fill months ahead, and two of them must align on consecutive nights or the crossing does not work at all. That is the part that goes wrong when people arrange it themselves in August.

The inns mean a small pack and the terrain means the contents matter. A 25 to 45 litre pack is right, and there is no bag transfer across the range.

• On your feet. Ankle-supporting boots, not trail shoes, because the limestone is sharp and slick when wet. Poles help on the descents but stow them for the cabled sections, where you want both hands.

• Layers. Base layer, shirts, water-repellent trousers, a midlayer and a waterproof, plus gloves and a warm hat. Wind is the normal state on a crest.

• No technical gear. No harness, helmet or via ferrata set is needed. The cables are handholds, not a protected climbing route, so gloves are the only extra worth carrying.

• Sun. Limestone throws light back at you. Sunglasses, sunscreen and a cap matter more here than the altitude suggests.

• Inn kit. A sleeping liner, indoor shoes, a headlamp and earplugs. Swiss francs, for the Zwinglipass night and anything bought up on the ridge.

• Water. Two litres of capacity, refilled at every inn. The ridges have no streams at all, because karst limestone takes the water underground the moment it lands.

Most people who come here are not doing the crossing, and the range is unusually good at delivering itself in a day. These are the Appenzell hiking trails worth the journey on their own, and all four start at a railway station or a cable car.

Seealpsee

The classic, and about an hour above the railway at Wasserauen. The lake lies in a trough at the foot of the cliffs, and on a still morning the whole massif lands in the water.

There are inns on the shore, so it is not a wilderness, and that is the Alpstein in one image: a working alp with cheese for sale and a view that stops people mid sentence. Go early or go late. By eleven the shore is crowded and by six it is yours again.

Ebenalp, the Wildkirchli caves and the Äscher

The strangest hour in the range, and reachable by cable car from Wasserauen. From the top station the path drops through the Wildkirchli, a set of caves with a chapel inside, at around 1,477 to 1,500 metres, with a hermitage built into the rock.

You walk in at one end in daylight and out at the other. The caves hold traces of Neanderthal occupation from about 40,000 years ago and cave bear bones dated between 90,000 and 40,000 years old, which makes the chapel a very recent addition by comparison.

Fifteen minutes further, along the cliff, is Berggasthaus Äscher. It is built flat against the rock with the cliff itself as its back wall, the present building went up in 1860 for the monks of the hermitage, and it became internationally famous on the cover of a National Geographic book of great destinations.

The Schäfler ridge

The best short ridge walk in the range and the highlight of stage one. From the Ebenalp top station it is roughly an hour and a half along the crest, and the drop is on both sides for most of that.

It is the honest test for anyone weighing up the full trek. If this feels exhilarating you will love stage two, and if it feels like an ordeal you have found that out cheaply, on a path with a cable car at either end of it.

Hoher Kasten and Fälensee

The eastern end, eight minutes up from Brülisau, with marked paths leading back into the range from the top station itself. Walk south from there and you reach Fälensee, a long dark lake pinched under a limestone wall, with an inn at Bollenwees on its shore.

This is the quietest of them and the one that feels furthest from a cable car, despite starting at one. It is also the easiest to extend into an overnight if the walking suits you.

The 24 inns mean you can build almost any length of trip here, and it is worth knowing the options before defaulting to the standard one.

Two days is the shortest that makes sense: up to the Schäfler by cable car and path, along the crest, and down. It gives you one ridge night and the best of the scenery without the cabled section at all.

Three walking days is the High Trail itself, crossing from Wasserauen to the Hoher Kasten. It takes in all three of the big ridge experiences and is the shortest way to cross the massif properly rather than sampling it.

A week links the inns end to end along all three ridge lines, taking in Fälensee, Bollenwees and the Säntis, and doubling back on the southern crest. It is the completist option and it needs far more booking, because you are chaining six or seven small inns rather than two.

Appenzell hiking tours can also be built from a single base, using the cable cars each morning and coming back down each evening, which suits mixed groups where not everybody wants a ridge. The range is small enough to make that work in a way the Valais never could.

These are Berggasthäuser, and they are not Swiss mountain huts in the Alpine Club sense, which matters more than it sounds. They are privately run mountain inns, most of them family businesses, so the standard is higher and the atmosphere much less institutional. Our Switzerland hiking accommodation guide covers the categories.

• Berggasthaus Schäfler. On the ridge crest above Ebenalp, and the first night of the route.

• Berggasthaus Zwinglipass. Below the pass on the southern side, and the second night.

• Berggasthaus Seealpsee. On the lake shore, a lunch stop on stage one rather than a bed.

• Berggasthaus Äscher. Built against the cliff below Ebenalp, reached through the Wildkirchli caves.

• Meglisalp and Bollenwees. Two of the best known of the rest, on other lines across the range.

Most open May to October, a slightly longer season than the high alpine huts further west manage. Book anyway, because the range is small, popular and within easy reach of three large Swiss cities.

Bring a liner even though these are inns rather than club huts, and carry Swiss francs, because a signal on a limestone ridge is not something to plan around.

The culture here is not scenery. Appenzell Innerrhoden is one of only two Swiss cantons that still governs by Landsgemeinde, an open-air assembly in the square where laws and officials are decided by a show of hands.

It is not a re-enactment. It is the actual legislature, held once a year in the open air, and it is the reason for the most uncomfortable fact about the place: women could not vote here until 1991.

The all-male assembly rejected female suffrage for the third time in spring 1990. It took a Federal Tribunal ruling that November to end it, on the grounds that the canton was breaching the federal constitution, which had granted women the vote nationally back in 1971.

The cheese keeps its own secret. Appenzeller wheels are rubbed and turned every two days with a herbal brine of more than 25 herbs, roots and spices, and the recipe is known to two people. You will be offered it at every inn on the route.

The Säntis at 2,501.9 metres is the high point, with a cable car, a weather station and a transmission tower on top, which makes it the least wild summit in the massif and the biggest view. On a clear day it looks well beyond the Swiss borders.

That tower is more interesting than it looks. It stands 124 metres tall and is hit by lightning more than a hundred times a year, making it one of the most struck structures in Europe and, since 2010, a working research station wired with current sensors and high speed cameras.

Most of those strikes travel the wrong way. They are upward flashes that start at the tower and go up to the cloud rather than down from it, which is not how most people picture lightning, and is exactly why researchers instrumented this particular summit.

For a walker the useful part is what it says about the range. The Alpstein pulls electricity out of the sky more reliably than almost anywhere in the Alps, which is the real reason to be off the ridges by early afternoon.

The range is served by rail at both ends, which is most of why it works without a car. Trains run from St. Gallen or Gossau to Appenzell on the narrow gauge railway, and a branch continues up the valley to Wasserauen, where the trailhead is the station car park and very little else.

Weissbad, where our trip starts, is one stop back down that line. At the far end the Hoher Kasten cable car lands at Brülisau, from where a bus runs to Appenzell and back onto the railway.

That means no hire car at either end and no transfer to arrange, on a route that crosses a range rather than looping back to its own start.

This is the section to read the week before you fly.

• The cables decide it. If exposure bothers you, stage two will not be enjoyable and there is no way around it once committed. Walk the Schäfler ridge as a day first if you are unsure.

• Payment. Carry francs. The Zwinglipass night is settled on arrival, and card readers depend on a signal these ridges do not reliably give.

• Water. Fill up at every inn. Karst ground means no surface water on the high sections at all, whatever the map shows.

• Storms. Be off the crest by mid afternoon on warm days. The range attracts lightning and a ridge offers nothing to shelter behind.

• Rescue and insurance. Swiss alpine rescue is billed to the person rescued, so check your policy covers mountain rescue before you travel.

• Weekends. The range is within easy reach of Zurich and St. Gallen, so Saturdays are busy on the popular sections. Start early or plan midweek.

Frequently asked questions

What is the Alpstein High Trail?

A crossing of the Alpstein massif from Wasserauen to the Hoher Kasten, on the northern and middle ridge lines. It takes three walking days and links two mountain inns.

How hard is the Alpstein High Trail?

Harder than the altitudes suggest. We grade it fitness four of five and technique four of five, for the ascent per kilometre, the exposure and the fixed cables on stage two.

Do you need via ferrata equipment?

No. The cables on stage two are handholds bolted to the rock, not a protected climbing route, so no harness or helmet is required.

How high is the Alpstein?

The Säntis is the highest point at 2,501.9 metres. Nothing on the walking route goes much above 2,300, which is why no acclimatisation is needed.

How many mountain huts are there in the Alpstein?

The regional tourist board lists 24 mountain inns, which is why you can walk hard here while carrying very little.

When is the best time to hike in the Alpstein?

June to September, with most inns open from May. September is the pick for settled weather, quiet ridges and the cattle coming down.

What are the best hikes in Appenzell for one day?

Seealpsee, the Schäfler ridge from Ebenalp, the Wildkirchli caves and the Äscher, and the paths south from the Hoher Kasten towards Fälensee.

How do you get to the Äscher?

From Ebenalp, reached by cable car from Wasserauen, then about fifteen minutes on foot through the Wildkirchli caves and along the cliff path.

Do you need a car for the Alpstein?

No. Trains run to Appenzell and on to Wasserauen at the trailhead, and the finish has a cable car to Brülisau with a bus back to the railway.

If you want a hard week without altitude, the Alpstein High Trail is the trip: three days of limestone ridge, fixed cables on the middle stage, a lake that reflects the whole massif and a revolving restaurant at the end. September is the pick, for settled air and empty crests.

It is the right choice when you have the fitness but not the fortnight, when you would rather sleep in a family run inn on a working alp than in a dormitory, and when exposure appeals rather than worries you.

Still weighing it up? Get in touch with our team and we will shape the week around your dates →